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Calories are the energy your body uses for everything from breathing to intense workouts. Knowing your caloric needs empowers you to make informed choices to support your health and fitness goals.
Calories measure the energy in food and drinks. This energy fuels daily activities and bodily functions. However, individual calorie needs depend on factors like:
Understanding your unique calorie requirements begins with calculating your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).
Your BMR is the number of calories your body needs at rest to maintain essential functions like breathing, circulation, and cell production. Calculating your BMR is the first step in determining your daily caloric needs.
For a 60-year-old woman weighing 150 pounds (68 kg) and 5’5″ (165 cm) tall:
BMR = (10 × 68) + (6.25 × 165) – (5 × 60) – 161
BMR = 1,261 calories/day
While BMR calculates resting calories, Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) accounts for your activity level. Use these multipliers to estimate TDEE:
For the same woman with a moderate activity level:
TDEE = 1,261 × 1.55 ≈ 1,955 calories/day
Aim for a calorie deficit by reducing intake by 15–20% of your TDEE. For example, if your TDEE is 1,955 calories, a 15% deficit equals about 1,660 calories/day.
To maintain your current weight, consume calories close to your TDEE.
Increase intake by 10–15% above your TDEE to build muscle gradually.
Caloric density refers to the calories in a specific weight or volume of food. Foods high in water and fiber—like vegetables—are low in calorie density, letting you eat more while consuming fewer calories.
Focusing on low-calorie-density foods can help with weight loss by keeping you full while reducing caloric intake.
Calculating your calorie needs is a powerful step toward achieving your health goals. By knowing your TDEE and adjusting your intake based on your objectives, you can create a sustainable plan that works for your unique body. Remember, flexibility and consistency are key. Start today and enjoy the journey to a healthier you!
Mifflin, M. D., St Jeor, S. T., Hill, L. A., Scott, B. J., Daugherty, S. A., & Koh, Y. O. (1990). A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in heal